Corfu: The Ultimate Guide to the Beautiful Greek Island

Last updated on September 6th, 2024 at 01:41 pm

About Corfu Island in Greece

Corfu, also known as Kerkyra, is one of Greece’s most captivating and significant islands, often hailed as the crown jewel of the Ionian Sea.

Renowned for its lush greenery, Corfu boasts a landscape rich in natural beauty, with dense vegetation that is unparalleled.

The island features over 217 kilometers of stunning coastline dotted with beautiful beaches and an array of attractions.

Often called the ‘Emerald Island’ of Greece, Corfu is surrounded by turquoise waters and adorned with wildflowers and vibrant shrubs that paint the landscape with color.

One of the island’s most distinctive features is its abundance of olive trees—more than two million of them—which contribute to the island’s breathtaking scenery and charm.

This verdant paradise not only serves as a feast for the eyes but also stands as a cornerstone of Greece’s thriving tourism industry.

Corfu’s significance extends beyond its natural splendor; the island has a rich history, playing an essential role in Greek culture and tradition for over 3,000 years.

Inhabited since the Paleolithic era, Corfu was later known as Scheria in Homer’s Odyssey, home to the Phaeacians. It was also called Drepanon, meaning “sickle,” due to its distinctive sickle-shaped form.

Travelers from around the world flock to Corfu to enjoy its tranquil beaches, hidden coves, and seemingly endless greenery.

However, Corfu’s allure is not just its natural beauty. The island is a cultural crossroads where Greek, Italian, French, and British influences harmoniously converge.

This blend of cultures is evident in the island’s vibrant traditions, lively festivals, and delicious cuisine, making Corfu a truly unique and memorable destination.

Whether you’re exploring ancient fortresses, wandering through picturesque villages, or participating in a local celebration, Corfu’s rich heritage is ever-present.

In Corfu, stunning landscapes and cultural richness come together effortlessly, leaving a lasting impression long after you’ve left its shores.

Is Corfu worth Visiting?

Absolutely!

Known for its welcoming vibe, stunning beaches, diverse landscapes, multicultural history, Archaeological remains, mild climate, and the enchanting UNESCO-listed Old Town of Kerkyra.

Its exceptional cuisine adds to the island’s allure, ensuring a memorable visit.

Corfu is a must-visit destination, revealing its charm more deeply the longer you explore.

Corfu’s Unique Features that Make it Different

This Island is famous for its unique features, Culture, and rich history:

These aspects make Corfu a captivating destination with a unique identity.

Where is Corfu?

Corfu, the queen of the Ionian Islands, lies at the crossroads of the north Ionian and Adriatic Sea at Greece’s northwest extremity opposite the mainland and southern Albania. In a distance of about 600 km northwest of Athens and closer to Italy.

It is surrounded by the Diapontia Islands (Othonoi, Mathraki, Ereikoussa) to the northwest and Paxos and Antipaxos to the south, all together forming the Prefecture of Corfu.

Corfu’s unique charm, scenery, rich history, and Culture plus the luxury accommodations make it a must-visit destination.

Corfu Population

According to the 2021 census, Corfu Island has 99,000 people, down from 111,000 in 2011.

The town of Kerkyra has 40,050 residents, with 25,000 in the Old Town and 15,050 in the New Town. There are an additional 60,000 people scattered around the 208 villages and settlements.

This island is the third most populous place in Greece after Athens and Thessaloniki, with 172 residents per square kilometer. It is known for its stories, landscapes, and resilient spirit.

There is a significant British community, making up almost 5% of the population, particularly in the northern part.

The demographic diversity shows its appeal as a permanent residence, not just a holiday destination.

How Big is Corfu?

Corfu is the second-largest Ionian Island and the seventh-largest in Greece, spanning 593 km² with a 217 km long picturesque coastline.

Including the adjacent islands of Paxi, Antipaxi, Othoni, Erikoussa, and Mathraki, the total area reaches 640 km², forming the prefecture of Corfu.

The main island is 61 km long and 27 km wide. Its main road, from Paleokastritsa to Lefkimi, is 100 km long and well-maintained.

Traveling north to south takes about 2 hours, though summer traffic can be heavy. Despite some narrow roads between old traditional villages, the extensive road network ensures good accessibility.

Where Does the Name Corfu Come From?

In the Middle Ages, the Latins named the island Corypho, from the Greek “Koryphai,” meaning “tops” or “peaks.”

This referred to the old fortress’s peninsula or Mount Pantokrator’s twin summits. “Koryphai” evolved to Corypho in Latin and eventually Corfu, meaning the “Island of Tops”.

Homer called it Scheria, and its sickle-like shape earned it the name Drepanon.

These names reflect the island’s rich cultural and linguistic history.

Monuments, Attractions, and Things to See

Mouse Island and VlachernaCorfu offer rich cultural attractions, including the Byzantine fortress Aggelokastro, castle ruins in Kassiopi and Gardiki, and the Venetian Arsenal in Gouvia.

Achilleion Palace in Gastouri, commissioned by Empress Elizabeth of Austro-Hungary and enhanced by Kaiser Wilhelm II’s bridge, stands out.

Highlights also include the sea museum in Benitses, an olive museum in Kynopiastes, and neoclassical houses, mansions, and ancient ruins across various towns and resorts.

Corfu’s medieval architecture remains intact due to its stable seismic geography within the Ionian arc.

The Old Town, Called Kerkyra

Approaching Corfu from the sea, you’re greeted by Kerkyra’s UNESCO-listed medieval old town.

This living time capsule blends ancient Greek and Roman remnants with Venetian architecture and rich historical monuments.

Known as Kastropolis for its fortified city status, Kerkyra preserves its Venetian character with narrow alleys and tall buildings, offering a captivating blend of old-world charm and modernity.

Monuments to See in the Town

Corfu City is rich in cultural attractions, including the Museum of Asian Art at the Palace of Saints Michael and George.

Explore the old and new fortresses, Esplanade Square, and the Liston.

Nearby, visit the historic Ionian Academy once home to Greece’s first modern university, and landmarks like the Ionian Parliament building and town hall.

Also, an early power plant was relocated to Piraeus after Corfu’s union with Greece in 1864.

Read about: Corfu Old Town: A Guide To The Medieval-Style City

Activities to Do in Corfu

How to Come to Corfu?

Corfu is popular with Greek tourists during Easter and attracts visitors from Greece, Italy, and northern Europe in August.

The Egnatia highway and frequent ferries from Igoumenitsa (just over an hour) make it easily accessible.

The Ioannis Kapodistrias airport connects to major European cities, with flights from Athens taking 45 minutes and from Europe taking 2-3.5 hours.

So, How Do I Get to Corfu?

Where to Stay? Best Resorts

Corfu resorts are very diverse and most are suitable for families and young adventurers. Family-friendly options include:

For lively nightlife:

Accommodation

Corfu offers a diverse range of accommodations to suit every type of traveler, from luxury resorts and boutique hotels to charming villas and budget-friendly options. Whether you’re looking for a beachfront escape, a secluded retreat in the countryside, or a stay in the heart of Corfu Town, you’ll find something to fit your needs.

Luxury Resorts and Hotels

For those seeking indulgence, Corfu has a selection of high-end resorts that offer world-class amenities, such as private beaches, spa facilities, gourmet dining, and stunning views of the Ionian Sea. These resorts are often located along the island’s most picturesque coastlines, providing a perfect blend of relaxation and luxury.

Boutique Hotels

Boutique hotels in Corfu are known for their personalized service, unique charm, and intimate atmosphere. Many of these properties are nestled within historical buildings in Corfu Town or in scenic villages, offering a more authentic and immersive experience. With stylish interiors and attention to detail, these hotels provide a cozy and memorable stay.

Villas and Apartments

For travelers who prefer more privacy or are traveling in groups, renting a villa or apartment is an excellent choice. Corfu boasts a wide range of villas, from traditional stone houses in the countryside to modern beachfront properties with private pools. These accommodations often come with fully equipped kitchens, spacious living areas, and outdoor spaces ideal for enjoying the island’s natural beauty.

Budget-Friendly Options

Corfu also caters to budget-conscious travelers with a variety of affordable accommodation options. From family-run guesthouses and hostels to simple hotels and holiday apartments, there are plenty of places where you can enjoy a comfortable stay without breaking the bank. These accommodations often provide basic amenities and are conveniently located near popular attractions, beaches, and local restaurants.

All-Inclusive Resorts

If you prefer a hassle-free holiday, Corfu has several all-inclusive resorts where everything from meals to activities is covered. These resorts are popular with families and couples who want to relax and enjoy their vacation without worrying about additional expenses.

Agrotourism Stays

For a unique experience, consider staying at an agrotourism property. These accommodations are often located on working farms or in rural areas, allowing you to experience Corfu’s agricultural traditions firsthand. You might get the chance to participate in olive harvesting, wine-making, or other local activities while enjoying rustic, yet comfortable lodgings.

No matter where you choose to stay, Corfu’s warm hospitality and stunning surroundings ensure a memorable visit.

Kerkyra Old Town is versatile and, suitable for both families and young visitors, offering monuments, sights, and nightclubs.

Corfu caters to various accommodation preferences, and you can explore a curated selection of the best hotels in Corfu.

About the Famous Beaches

Corfu, known as the Emerald Island of Greece, is celebrated for its rich culture, history, and unique sights and landmarks. However, it’s the stunning beaches that truly make this island irresistible.

Surrounded by the turquoise waters of the Ionian Sea, Corfu boasts a 217 km coastline filled with countless breathtaking beaches, catering to every taste.

The island features more than a dozen expansive sandy beaches, each stretching for miles, alongside some spectacular smaller beaches that are unique to Greece.

All beaches, like the villages, are easily accessible thanks to Corfu’s dense road network, a legacy from the era of British rule.

To fully explore these beaches, you’ll need time, as there are many to discover. While most are easily accessible, some hidden gems require a bit more effort to reach.

Here are some random beaches picked from the endless list of beautiful shores.

Each beach offers its charm, making Corfu a beach lover’s paradise.

Read: Best Beaches in Corfu

Geography: Is Corfu Hilly?

Mountains and Terrain

These water bodies enhance Corfu’s natural beauty, they form even waterfalls and support diverse wildlife habitats, attracting nature enthusiasts.

Volcanic Activity

Corfu’s volcanic history is ancient and dormant. Mount Agioi Deka, located centrally on the island with its summit Pantokrator (600 meters), was once volcanic but is now extinct.

This Pantokrator mountain is not related to one in the North and hosts an aviation radar station.

Today the Island is devoid of volcanic activity, featuring rolling hills, majestic mountains, and lush greenery shaped by limestone, shale, and sandstone over millions of years.

Earthquakes are weak, rare, and unrelated to volcanic activity, ensuring a peaceful environment for exploration.

Administrative Division

In 2011, the “Kallikrates” administrative reform merged the Prefecture of Corfu into a single municipality, combining 12 former municipalities and communities from satellite islands like Diapontia and Paxos.

In 2018, the “Kleisthenes” reform reorganized the island into four municipalities:

These reforms aimed to streamline local governance and improve administrative efficiency.

Climate and the Weather

Corfu boasts a lush landscape, celebrated as Greece’s greenest island thanks to abundant winter rains and a humid climate that can stretch for 40-50 consecutive days.

The weather is generally mild, with hot, dry summers and very mild winters.

Snowfall is rare except on Mount Pantokrator, occurring infrequently for most residents.

January registers the coldest temperatures, with average lows of 4-5°C (41°F) and highs of 15°C (58°F), occasionally dipping below zero.

July stands as the hottest month, with average lows of 20°C (70°F) and highs around 35°C (95°F), occasionally surpassing 40°C (110°F).

So, What is the Best Time to Visit?

According to the weather and climate predictions you can make your choice according to your needs and travel taste.
Just keep in mind that in:

Find more about Corfu Weather: The Climate and Temperatures per Month

Cultural Experiences in Corfu

Corfu’s rich cultural heritage offers a variety of experiences that immerse visitors in the island’s traditions, history, and vibrant local life. Here are some highlights:

Engaging with Corfu’s cultural experiences allows visitors to connect deeply with the island’s history, traditions, and way of life, making for a more enriching and memorable trip.

Learn more about Corfu Culture

Historic and Archaeological Significance of Corfu

Historical Highlights of Corfu

These discoveries, from the remains of Paleopolis to the prehistoric sites, underscore Corfu’s importance in both classical history and the broader context of prehistoric Greece.

The Traditional Local Cuisine

Corfiot cuisine is a delightful blend of Greek and Italian influences, known for its rich flavors and diversity. Many recipes originally came from Venice but were adapted to suit local ingredients and the island’s climate.

Venetians also brought tomatoes, beans, peppers, corn, coffee, chocolate, sugar, and some expensive spices, unknown to the island before them.

To savor the local flavors, consider dining at the best restaurants in Corfu.

Some must-try dishes include:

Read: Corfu Cuisine: Traditional Recipes, Delights and Food

Is Corfu a Party Island? Nightlife

Corfu comes alive at night, especially in summer, drawing crowds with its vibrant nightlife. Key hotspots include Corfu Town (Kerkyra), Kavos, Sidari, Ipsos, Messonghi and others.

Kerkyra offers diverse bars and clubs, from chic lounges to lively dance venues. The Liston area is popular for its trendy bars and cafés, perfect for a stylish night out.

Kavos, on the southern coast, is renowned for its lively party scene, boasting numerous bars and clubs that stay open until the early hours.

Sidari offers a more relaxed nightlife experience compared to Kavos, with bars and clubs catering to those seeking a laid-back evening.

Additionally, there are many clubs scattered across the island, particularly in lively areas such as the beach of Glyfada and resorts like Paleokastritsa.

Overall, the Island provides a wide range of nightlife options, whether you’re up for dancing all night or a relaxed night out.

Read: Corfu at Night: Is Corfu a Party Island? Clubs & Bars

Corfu Musical Tradition – Literature and Intellectuals

There is a huge long-lasting musical tradition on the island.

The city today has three main philharmonic societies. The Old Philharmonic, the Philharmonic of Mantzaros, and the Philharmonic of Kapodistrias, whose orchestras often give excellent concerts.

There are also bands in many villages, and on certain days they all play in Corfu Town to loud cheers from their supporters.

The musical tradition was influenced by Italy and many artists created their music schools with classical influences.

Is the so-called Ionian School of Music divided into two periods? The first until 1870 and the second until the early 20th century.

In Greece, the Ionian School was finally overthrown by the so-called National School, created by the “Germanists” Georgios Nazos and Manolis Kalomiris.

The Ionian School of Music

Greek-born Ionian musicians were the Corfiot George Lambellet and Cefalonian Dionysios Lavragas. Members of both the Ionian School and the “National School”.

They were in constant quarrels with “Germanist” Kalomiris who accused them of the Ionian music being related to the Italian.

The founder of the Ionian School of Music was Corfiot Nikolaos Chalikiopoulos Mantzaros(1795-1872).

Ionian school includes a large number of important musicians and composers, of the first and second periods.

Corfiot and Ionian Islands Musicians

It is worth mentioning some musicians.

From Corfu

Domenikos Padovas (1817-1892), Spyros Xindas (1814-1896), and Spyros Samaras (1861-1917).
Eduardo, Louis, George, and Napoleon Lambellet are members of the large Lambellet family.

Other composers were Joseph Liveralis (1820-1899), Leonidas Alvanas (1823-1881), Joseph Caesaris (1845-1923), Spyridon Caesaris (1859-1946), Dimitrios Andronis (1866-1918), Sotirios Kritikos (1888-1945), and Alexandros Grek (1876-1959).

From Zante (Zakynthos)

Pavlos Karrer (1829-1896), Frangiskos Domeniginis (1809-1874), and Dionysios Viscardis (1910-1999).
Suzana Nerantzi from Zakynthos was a great woman pianist and student of Mantzaros in Corfu.

From Kefalonia

Dionysios Lavragas (1864-1941), Antiochos Evangelatos (1903-1981), and Spyridon Spathis (1876-1959) from Sami island.

From Ithaka

Dionysios Rodotheatos (1849-1892).

Others

Antonios Kapnisis (1813-1885), George Lambiris (1833-1889), Lavrentios Kamilieris (1878-1956), Georgios Axiotis (1875-1924), and Georgios Sklavos (1886-1976).

Literature

But also in literature, the Ionian Islands have created their own Ionian School.

With writers and poets such as the prominent figure of Dionysios Solomos from Zakynthos (1798-1857), who lived for 30 years in Corfu.

Many others such as Aristotelis Valaoritis from Lefkada, Andreas Laskaratos and Ioulios Typaldos from Lixouri, Gerasimos Markoras from Kefalonia, Iakovos Polylas from Corfu, Georgios Terchetis, and Andreas Kalvos from Zakynthos.

The term “Eptanissian School” was founded by the great Greek poet Kostis Palamas.

Kostis Palamas introduced the literary consciousness and the rivalry between the Dimotiki and Katharevousa. Two forms of the modern Greek language.

One of the main features of the Ionian School was the use of Dimotiki in Poetry.

Corfu’s contribution to the formation of the modern Greek state

The immense contribution of Corfiot intellectuals to the formation of the modern Greek state is well known.

The island has produced world-renowned personalities accomplished in many different spheres.

Corfu has given and still gives a lot in Greece, both culturally and economically through its huge tourist growth, but has not necessarily taken back all that it deserves!

Without mentioning the younger generations, the famous personalities who were born or lived here include:

Corfiot intellectuals

Ioannis Kapodistrias was a politician who, for several years, served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Russia. He was a descendant of a noble family.

From his position, he was involved in many European political affairs, including the constitutional reform of Switzerland, before accepting the responsibility of becoming the first governor of modern Greece.

Nikolaos Mantzaros was another noble, musician, and composer of the Greek national anthem. He was the major representative of the so-called Ionian School of Music.

Dionysios Solomos our national poet was born in Zakynthos(Zante) and lived here for the last 30 years of his life.

Spyros Samaras, another musician was the composer of the Olympic anthem. Yes, the one played during the opening and closing ceremonies of every Olympics.

The famous Italian composer Antonio Vivaldi lived much of his life on the island. As did poets like Gerasimos Markoras, Lorenzos Mavilis, Andreas Kalvos, and Iakovos Polylas.

All above were members of the Ionian School of Literature.

A former Greek prime minister was Corfiot George Theotokis, whilst his relative Nikolaos Theotokis became the archbishop of Russia.

The important Ecumenical Patriarch Athenagoras and St Filomena were born here.

The unforgettable actor Nikos Kourkoulos originates from Corfu. Also, Albert Cohen and the singers Vicky Leandros and Nana Mouskouri were born here.

There are hundreds of others not mentioned. Even Giacomo Casanova spent much of his life in Corfu and finally was forced to leave as he had an affair with the young wife of the Venetian proveditore.

Environment and Biodiversity

Photos by Pascal Debrunner, HP Koch, Erik Karits, and Ijon Tichy on Unsplash

The Island hosts diverse and rare bird species, wildlife, insects, and plants, including species from beyond the Mediterranean.

Gerald Durrell extensively documented these during his family’s stay from 1936 to 1940.

Olive trees dominate, with citrus fruits also abundant. Cypress trees are plenty and reflect Corfu’s Italian heritage.

Corfu has the highest rainfall and the richest soil in Greece and could be self-sufficient in all areas of production. But the development of tourism and other factors have led the population to other ways of making a living.

Useful Telephone Numbers and Tips

See more: Corfu Addresses, Phone Numbers, and Useful Tips

Maps

Corfu Nightscapes Video

A Company of Stars by Bill Metallinos

Wrapping Up

Corfu is captivating visitors with its rich history, vibrant multicultural heritage, and breathtaking landscapes.

From its enchanting medieval old town to its stunning, expansive beaches, offers a unique and unforgettable experience.

The longer you explore, the deeper you fall in love with its charm and beauty, making it a truly exceptional place in Greece.

With no doubt, Corfu is an island well worth visiting. To explore it and understand it two or three weeks are not enough. It is like a great work of art that reveals itself more and more the longer you look at it.

 

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