Corfu Old Town: The Ultimate Guide to Kerkyra

1. Porta Remounta: The southern district near Garitsa Bay.
2. Pentofanaro: Located in the Liston area.
3. Kofineta: West of the Palace of St. Michael and George.
4. Agioi Pateres: In the heart of the town.
5. Jewish Sector: Near the New Fortress.
6. Spilia: The area around the old port.
7. Kampielo: The northern part of the Old Town.

The Old Fortress of Corfu, situated on a rocky promontory that juts out into the sea, is a key historical and architectural landmark.

Its elevated position offers stunning views and emphasizes its strategic importance in the defense of Corfu. The fortress’s location allows for easy access from the city, whether by walking or other means of transportation, making it a popular destination for visitors.

Originally a natural defense promontory used by the Byzantines since the 5th century CE to host the first small medieval town of Corfu after the destruction of the ancient Kerkyra by the Goths.

The fortress was constructed by the Venetians in the 15th century and played a crucial role in the island’s defense system.

It was designed to protect the city from naval attacks and to control access to the harbor. The fortress is strategically positioned between the New Fortress and the city, enhancing its role in the overall defensive network.

Visitors to the Old Fortress can explore its well-preserved fortifications, including its bastions, moats, and impressive entrance gate.

The fortress also houses a range of historical artifacts and provides insight into the island’s military history and Venetian architectural influences.

Its combination of historical significance and picturesque views makes the Old Fortress a must-visit site in Corfu.

The New Fortress of Corfu, constructed between 1576 and 1588, is strategically positioned on Saint Markos Hill.

This imposing fortress extends towards Garitsa Bay and was a pivotal development in the Venetian defense system. Its construction played a crucial role in fortifying Corfu against potential invaders and securing the island’s strategic position in the Mediterranean.

The New Fortress not only served a military purpose but also influenced the urban planning of Corfu Town. Its establishment contributed to the creation of Esplanade Square (Spianada), one of the largest squares in the Balkans.

This vast open space was designed to accommodate military parades and public gatherings, reflecting the fortress’s impact on both defense and civic life.

Architecturally, the New Fortress showcases the advanced fortification techniques of the Venetian Republic, including its robust bastions and fortified walls.

It remains a significant example of Renaissance military architecture and a prominent landmark in Corfu, offering insights into the island’s historical role and its development under Venetian rule.

The San Giacomo Theater, originally erected as the “Loggia Nobili” in 1663, was initially designed as a distinguished arcade for social and administrative purposes.

This building served as a prominent venue during the Venetian era, showcasing the grandeur and architectural style of the time.

In the late 18th century, the building underwent a significant transformation and was repurposed as the Corfu Town Hall.

This change marked a shift from its original role as a social and commercial space to a central civic building, reflecting the evolving administrative needs of the town.

Today, the San Giacomo Theater stands as a testament to Corfu’s rich architectural and civic history, illustrating its evolution from a noble arcade to a key municipal institution.

Its historical significance and architectural charm continue to make it an important landmark in Corfu Town.

The Annunziata bell tower, located near Vrachlioti Street in Corfu, is the only surviving element of a 14th-century church dedicated to the Annunciation.

Its historical significance extends beyond its architectural features. The church once held the relics of the heroes who fought and died in the Battle of Nafpaktos in 1571. This naval battle was a major conflict between the Holy Alliance, a coalition of Venice, Spain, Naples, Sicily, Genoa, and Malta, and the Ottoman Empire.

The relics kept at the Annunziata church honored the valor of those who participated in this pivotal battle, which marked a significant turning point in the struggle between the Christian states and the Ottoman Empire. The bell tower stands as a poignant reminder of Corfu’s role in this crucial moment in European history and the island’s enduring connections to the broader historical narratives of the time.

The Liston Building, designed by architect Mathieu de Lesseps during the French occupation of Corfu (1797-1814), was originally constructed as barracks for the French army.

The building’s design, inspired by Paris’s Rue de Rivoli, features neoclassical arches and a colonnaded façade, reflecting its French architectural influences.

Over time, the Liston Building was repurposed and now serves as a vibrant commercial center, housing a range of cafes, restaurants, and shops.

This transformation highlights its continued significance as a social and cultural hub in Corfu Town, while its architectural elegance remains a testament to its French origins.

Esplanade Square, also known as Spianada, is one of the largest town squares in Europe, a grand public space originally laid out by the Venetians in the 16th century.

Its expansive layout, designed to accommodate military parades and public gatherings, reflects the Venetians’ influence on Corfu’s urban development and their strategic use of open spaces for civic purposes.

Historically, Spianada has undergone various transformations. During the Venetian period, it was a central venue for military and social events, and its vast open space made it ideal for the large-scale ceremonies and gatherings of the time.

The square’s design has continued to evolve, with additions from later periods including British and Greek influences, which have shaped its current appearance.

Today, Spianada serves as a vibrant public park and an important venue for cultural and social events in Corfu. It hosts a variety of activities, from traditional festivals and local markets to concerts and public celebrations.

The square is flanked by notable landmarks, including the Palace of St. Michael and St. George and the Liston Promenade, adding to its role as a central hub of Corfu Town’s cultural and social life.

Exploring Spianada offers insight into Corfu’s historical evolution and its ongoing importance as a focal point for community and cultural activities.

The Palace of St. Michael and St. George, located in Corfu Town, is an elegant neoclassical building constructed between 1819 and 1824.

Originally built to serve as the residence for the British Lord High Commissioner of the Ionian Islands, it later became a royal residence and a courthouse under Greek rule.

The palace’s grand architecture, with its imposing façade and classical columns, reflects the architectural tastes of the early 19th century and the influence of British and Greek neoclassical styles.

Today, the Palace of St. Michael and St. George is a prominent cultural center. It houses both the Municipal Gallery and the Museum of Asian Art.

The Municipal Gallery showcases a diverse collection of Greek and international art, including works by local artists and historical pieces.

The Museum of Asian Art is notable for its extensive collection of art from China, Japan, India, and other Asian countries, making it a unique institution in Greece dedicated to Asian artistic heritage.

The palace’s architectural grandeur and its role as a hub for cultural and artistic activities make it a significant landmark in Corfu, reflecting both the island’s historical importance and its ongoing cultural vibrancy.

The Duomo di San Giacomo, or the Church of Saint James, is a notable 16th-century Catholic cathedral located in the heart of Corfu Town.

Built during the Venetian period, this cathedral reflects the island’s rich multicultural history, as it served the Catholic community on the island, primarily composed of Venetian settlers and later Italian influences.

The Duomo holds significant historical and religious importance as one of the foremost Catholic churches in Greece.

Its architecture blends Venetian Renaissance elements with local styles, showcasing intricate stonework and designs typical of Venetian religious structures.

Over time, the church became a focal point for the Catholic population, especially during the long period of Venetian rule (1386–1797), when Corfu was a key strategic and cultural center of the Republic of Venice.

Although today the Catholic community in Corfu is smaller, the Duomo remains an active place of worship, and its influence is felt throughout the island.

The cathedral’s bell tower, once a landmark of Corfu Town, and its role in religious life make it a key site for visitors interested in the island’s religious diversity and Venetian legacy.

The Palace of Mon Repos, located on the picturesque Kanoni peninsula, is a neoclassical structure built in 1828 during the period of British rule.

Originally constructed as a summer residence for the British Lord High Commissioner, Sir Frederick Adam, the palace later became a royal residence, serving the Greek royal family after the union of the Ionian Islands with Greece in 1864.

Notably, Mon Repos is the birthplace of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh.

Beyond its architectural elegance, Mon Repos holds significant historical importance, as it is situated near the ancient city of Paleopolis, Corfu’s first settlement.

The grounds surrounding the palace are home to important archaeological ruins, including remnants of the ancient town of Kerkyra, with temples, fortifications, and other structures that date back to Corfu’s earliest history.

Today, the Palace of Mon Repos serves as a museum, offering visitors a glimpse into the island’s royal and archaeological past.

Its beautiful gardens and scenic views over the Ionian Sea make it a popular destination for both history enthusiasts and those looking to explore Corfu’s cultural heritage.

The Ionian Parliament, built in 1855, is a historically significant building in Corfu that served as the legislative body for the Ionian Islands during the period of British protection.

Architecturally, the building is distinguished by its Doric columns and neoclassical design and stands as a symbol of political autonomy and the evolving relationship between the Ionian Islands and the Greek state.

The Parliament played a critical role in the early development of Greek democracy, offering a platform for political discourse and decision-making at a time when Greece was still striving for full independence.

It was here that many important legislative actions took place, including debates and decisions that contributed to the eventual union of the Ionian Islands with the Kingdom of Greece in 1864.

As one of the key institutions under British rule, the Ionian Parliament helped introduce modern political concepts to the region, laying the groundwork for the democratic processes that would later shape the modern Greek state.

Its contributions to legislation during this period were instrumental in shaping both local governance and the future of Greece as a whole.

Today, the building stands as a monument to the island’s rich political heritage and its pivotal role in to journey toward the Union of the Ionian Islands with Greece.

Church of St. Spyridon (Agios Spyridon)

The Church of St. Spyridon (Agios Spyridon) is one of the most important religious landmarks in Corfu, dedicated to the island’s patron saint, St. Spyridon. Located in the heart of Corfu Town, this iconic church is a spiritual and cultural hub, deeply embedded in the life of the local community.

Built in 1589, the church is renowned for housing the remains of St. Spyridon, who is believed to have saved the island from multiple disasters, including plagues and invasions.

His relics are preserved in a silver casket, which is paraded through the streets during several religious processions each year, attracting thousands of pilgrims and visitors.

These processions, held on key feast days, are a major aspect of Corfiot religious tradition and highlight the deep reverence for St. Spyridon.

The church’s elegant bell tower, the highest in Corfu Town, is a distinctive feature of the island’s skyline and is visible from many parts of the town.

Inside, the church boasts a richly adorned interior, with stunning frescoes, icons, and a lavishly decorated sanctuary, reflecting both the Venetian influence and the local religious artistry.

Beyond its religious significance, the Church of St. Spyridon plays a central role in Corfu’s cultural identity, symbolizing the protection and blessings believed to be granted by the saint.

It remains an essential stop for visitors interested in understanding the island’s spiritual history and is a cornerstone of Corfu’s local customs and celebrations.

Scuola Greca

Scuola Greca is the only remaining synagogue on Corfu Island, standing as a poignant reminder of the once-thriving Jewish community that flourished here, particularly during the 1800s.

Located in the heart of Corfu Town, the synagogue’s name, meaning “Greek School,” reflects the integration of the Jewish population into the island’s multicultural fabric, influenced by Greek, Venetian, and later British rule.

The synagogue is not only a place of worship but also a symbol of the enduring resilience of Corfu’s Jewish population, which has faced periods of prosperity and hardship throughout history.

One of its most significant chapters is tied to the tragic events of World War II when the majority of Corfu’s Jewish residents were deported and perished in Nazi concentration camps.

Despite this loss, the Scuola Greca remains a testament to the Jewish community’s rich cultural and religious heritage on the island.

Visitors to the synagogue can explore its modest yet historically significant interior, where traditional Jewish elements blend with local architectural styles.

The building’s preservation serves as a living memory of Corfu’s Jewish history, offering insight into the island’s diverse past while honoring the legacy of the community that once thrived here.

Its significance extends beyond its walls, representing a crucial part of Corfu’s cultural mosaic.

Gates of Old Kerkyra

The Old Town of Corfu was once enclosed by four main gates constructed during the Venetian period, each serving both defensive and administrative purposes.

These gates were vital for regulating access to the fortified city. Today, only the Porta of Spilia remains intact, standing as a testament to the town’s Venetian heritage.

The other gates, Porta San Nicola to the north, Porta San Rocco near the New Fortress, and Porta della Reale to the south, have been lost over time, but their historical significance continues to shape the narrative of the Old Town.

Remnants of English Rule

During British rule (1815–1864), Corfu saw significant changes and the introduction of new architectural styles, infrastructure, and cultural influences.

One of the notable constructions was the Peristyle of Thomas Maitland, a neoclassical colonnade located in the heart of Corfu Town. This peristyle, named after the first British Lord High Commissioner of the Ionian Islands, reflected the British affinity for classical Greek architecture and contributed to the island’s blend of styles.

The British also constructed Mon Repos Palace, originally built in 1828 as a summer residence for the British governors.

This elegant neoclassical palace later became the birthplace of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, and today serves as a museum and public park, offering visitors a glimpse into Corfu’s royal history.

On a more practical level, the British contributed significantly to the island’s infrastructure. They built an aqueduct that greatly improved the water supply to Corfu Town, addressing long-standing issues of water shortages. This engineering feat was vital for the growing population and helped modernize the town’s utilities.

Culturally, the British introduced several traditions, including the game of cricket, which remains popular on the island today. Corfu is one of the few places in Greece where cricket is still played, a direct legacy of British influence.

Another enduring tradition is the introduction of ginger beer, a beverage that quickly became a local favorite and is still produced and enjoyed in Corfu.

These developments—ranging from grand architectural projects to everyday cultural imports—left a lasting legacy on Corfu, blending British influence with the island’s rich Venetian and Greek heritage.

Events and Festivals

1. Easter Celebrations: Known for the “Pot Throwing” tradition and vibrant processions. Orthodox Easter (April/May)
2. Corfu Carnival (Apokries): Inspired by Venetian traditions, featuring costumes, parades, and street parties. February/March
3. Corfu International Festival: Showcases various performing arts, promoting cultural exchange. August.
4. Varkarola Festival: Celebrates Corfu’s naval history with boat parades and traditional music. August 11th (Paleokastritsa)
5. Corfu Beer Festival: Features local craft beers and traditional Greek cuisine. September
6. International Music Festival: Attracts musicians for classical performances. September/October

Are there any Beaches in Corfu Town?

While Corfu Old Town may not be the ideal destination for beach enthusiasts, there are a few smaller “city beaches” in the area where you can enjoy a swim. These spots are relatively compact and may not be the most child-friendly, but they offer a chance to cool off while exploring Corfu Town. Here’s a closer look at some of these options:

Faliraki Promontory

Faliraki, also known as Aleko’s Baths, is a public beach situated below the Palace at Faliraki Promontory. Accessed via a small road from Arsenios Street, this beach has a modest entrance fee, lower than Mon Repos.

While the beach is small and less ideal for swimming, especially when waves are stirred up by passing boats, it offers stunning views of the Palace, the Old Fortress, and Vido Island. There’s also a bar and restaurant on-site where you can enjoy food and drinks.

The facilities of NAOK (Nautical Sports Club of Corfu)

The Nautical Athletic Group of Kerkyra (NAOK) is an athletic club specializing in water sports like swimming, rowing, and sailing. Located on the south side of the Old Fortress, NAOK provides various amenities related to water sports, though it does not have a traditional beach. The club offers:

1. Sailing School: Learn sailing techniques and receive certifications.
2. Boat Rental: Rent boats and equipment for sailing, windsurfing, and other water sports.
3. Storage and Moorings: Safe storage for boats and moorings for members’ vessels.
4. Clubhouse: Relaxation and social areas with dining facilities.
5. Marina Services: Fueling, maintenance, and washing services for boats.
6. Water Sports Equipment: Rental of equipment for activities like windsurfing and kayaking.
7. Regatta and Racing Events: Participate in or watch regattas and sailing races.
8. Training and Coaching: Programs for various water sports disciplines.
9. Social Events: Gatherings, parties, and events for members.
10. Bar and Restaurant: Enjoy meals and refreshments on-site.

Mon Repos Beach

Mon Repos Beach is located near the neoclassical Mon Repos Palace at the south end of Garitsa Bay. This pebble beach offers a serene atmosphere and crystal-clear waters. Surrounded by lush greenery, it provides a peaceful retreat from the city’s hustle and bustle. The beach is notable for its historical significance as the birthplace of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, in 1921.

Anemomylos

Anemomylos, meaning “Windmill” in Greek, overlooks Garitsa Bay and the Ionian Sea. While the windmill is a historical landmark reflecting Corfu’s agricultural past, the nearby jetty serves as a spot for swimming. Though not a traditional beach, the area features a rocky shoreline with some shingles and offers beautiful, scenic views.

The Beach at Kanoni Peninsula

Kanoni Beach, located in the Kanoni area, is a small pebble beach with clear waters. Although it’s not a large sandy beach, it provides a beautiful setting and a chance to relax. The beach offers stunning views of Pontikonisi (Mouse Island) and the Vlacherna Monastery. Additionally, visitors can enjoy watching planes land and take off from the nearby Corfu International Airport.

Tips for Your Journey to Kerkyra

Traditional Corfiot Dishes

1. Pastitsada: A hearty dish made with pasta and a rich tomato-based meat sauce, usually served with beef or rooster.
2. Sofrito: Thin slices of beef cooked in a white wine and garlic sauce, often served with rice or potatoes.
3. Bourdeto: A spicy fish stew made with scorpionfish and lots of paprika.

More about Corfiot Cuisine

Best Places to Eat

1. Avli: Located in a charming courtyard, this restaurant serves up traditional Corfiot cuisine with a modern twist.
2. Rex: One of the oldest restaurants in Corfu, famous for its authentic dishes and historic setting.
3. Pane e Souvlaki: For something more casual, this popular eatery offers Greek street food like souvlaki and gyros.

Shopping in the Old City

Corfu’s Old Town offers a charming shopping experience that reflects its rich history and vibrant local culture. Here’s what you can find:

Local Markets

• Corfu Town Market: Located in the heart of the Old Town, this bustling market is perfect for picking up local produce, cheeses, olives, and spices. It’s a great place to experience the local atmosphere and taste authentic Greek flavors.

Artisanal Shops

• Mastihashop: Specializing in mastiha (mastic resin), a unique product from Chios Island, this shop offers a range of products from cosmetics to sweets that showcase this traditional ingredient.
• Corfu Handmade Leather: Find handcrafted leather goods including shoes, bags, and belts. Each item is made with attention to detail and reflects the island’s artisanal craftsmanship.

Unique Boutiques

• Melenia: This boutique features a selection of high-quality Greek and international fashion brands, offering stylish clothing and accessories in an elegant setting.
• Cultural Collections: Shops like “Cultural Collections” sell a variety of traditional Greek items such as handcrafted ceramics, textiles, and jewelry that make for perfect souvenirs.

Souvenir Shops

• The Greek Shop: Located near the Liston Promenade, this shop is known for its wide selection of Greek souvenirs including worry beads, local wines, and olive oil products.

Local Delicacies

• Siora: For those looking to take home some local flavors, Siora offers a range of artisanal products including local wines, honey, and traditional sweets like kumquat liqueur and pasteli.

Exploring these shops provides a wonderful opportunity to take a piece of Corfu’s charm home with you, whether you’re looking for unique gifts, local delicacies, or a taste of the island’s rich traditions.

Best Shopping Streets

• Nikiforou Theotoki Street: A bustling street filled with boutiques, souvenir shops, and local artisan stores.
• Guilford Street: Known for its high-end shops and designer boutiques.

Nightlife and Entertainment

Bars and Cafés

• Bristol Café: A stylish café-bar with a retro vibe, perfect for evening drinks.
• Cafe Kanoni: Located near the airport, it offers stunning views of the landing planes and the nearby Pontikonisi Island.

More about Corfu Nightlife

Cultural Events

• Corfu Easter Celebrations: One of the most spectacular in Greece, with unique customs like the “Pot Throwing” on Holy Saturday.
• Corfu International Festival: Held in September, it features music, theater, and dance performances from international and local artists.

More about Corfu Culture

Day Trips from Corfu Old Town

Paleokastritsa

• Overview: A picturesque village about 25 km from Corfu Town, known for its stunning beaches and the 13th-century monastery of Theotokos.
• Activity: Take a boat trip to explore the nearby caves.

Achilleion Palace

• Overview: The summer palace of Empress Elisabeth of Austria, also known as Sisi. The palace is a blend of classical and neoclassical styles and is set amidst beautiful gardens.
• Highlight: The statue of Achilles, which reflects the Empress’s admiration for the Greek hero.

More about Achilleion Palace

Mouse Island (Pontikonisi)

• Overview: A small, lush island near the coast, known for its monastery and as a symbol of Corfu. It’s a short boat ride from Kanoni.
• Tip: Visit early in the morning to avoid the crowds and enjoy the tranquility.

More about Mouse Island

Practical Tips for Visitors

Best Time to Visit

• Spring (April to June): Pleasant weather and fewer tourists. Easter is a special time with unique traditions.
• Summer (July to August): Peak season with warm weather, perfect for beach activities.
• Fall (September to October): Mild weather and fewer crowds, ideal for sightseeing.

Getting Around

• On Foot: The Old Town is best explored on foot. The narrow streets and hidden alleys are pedestrian-friendly.
• Public Transport: Buses connect the Old Town with other parts of the island. There’s also a small tourist train for a quick overview of the main sights.
• Taxis and Car Rentals: Available but not necessary unless you plan to explore the island’s more remote areas.

Where to Stay

• Luxury: Bella Venezia Hotel – A charming boutique hotel in a restored neoclassical mansion.
• Mid-Range: Siorra Vittoria Boutique Hotel – A historic mansion with elegant rooms and a beautiful garden.
• Budget: Locandiera – A cozy guesthouse located in a quiet street in the heart of the Old Town.

Insider Tips

• Early Morning or Late Evening Strolls: To experience the Old Town without the crowds, explore early in the morning or after sunset.
• Photography: The best spots include the Old Fortress, the Liston, and the view from the New Fortress.
• Local Festivals: Check the local calendar for festivals and events that may offer a deeper cultural experience.

The Modern City of Corfu

The contemporary city of Corfu seamlessly extends from the historical Corfu old town, stretching westward and southward beyond the new fortress into an expansive urban expanse that envelops the core of the island’s eastern coastline.

It presents a stark departure from the old quarter, characterized by the prevalence of concrete constructions and broader thoroughfares.

However, amidst this modern landscape, vestiges of old neoclassical structures and other monuments remain, offering a connection to the city’s historical roots.

For instance:

1. The edifice of the 1st Gymnasium, originally the Scaramanga building and former home to the Italian School.
2. The Marasleion Mansion situated on Alexandra Avenue, currently houses the services of the City Hall.
3. The Villa Rosa is an exquisite yet forsaken structure that stands near San Rocco Square, its splendor now marred by abandonment and decay.
4. An array of ancient churches is representative of the many ecclesiastical edifices found within the city.

These remnants serve as testaments to the city’s intricate past, complementing the contemporary visage of Corfu while maintaining a bridge to its historical heritage.

Corfu Old Town Map

A Map of the old Corfu town section is necessary for your Corfu walking adventures.

More Corfu Maps

Wrapping Up

Corfu Old Town is not just a place; it’s an experience, a living museum where every corner tells a story.

From its medieval fortresses to its narrow alleyways, from Venetian arches to Byzantine walls, Corfu Old Town invites you to step back in time and immerse yourself in its rich, multifaceted heritage.

This guide has taken you through some of the most iconic landmarks and hidden gems in the town, offering a glimpse into the town’s fascinating past and its lively present.

Whether you’re a history enthusiast, a lover of architecture, or simply looking for a beautiful place to unwind, Corfu Old Town has something to offer everyone.